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Posted by: fleshlight 發表於 October 18, 2004 05:01 PM 戰爭,你的名字是野蠻! 人們對於戰爭的敘述與想像,同時也出現了劇烈的變化。海珊的說詞,一向是「要將敵人的身體碎屍萬段」,「讓敵人血流成河」,「將敵人屍體送回美國」--這到是古來戰爭的一慣喊話風格。起變化的不是伊拉克,而是以美國為首的西方世界;他們說著:衛星定位,精準導彈,目標分辨,夜間辨識,裝備單位。正像他們自己說的:戰爭不是要殺人,所以在他們的說詞裡,一個肉體也看不到。當他們面對市民傷亡時,統一的說法只是數字的比較--看海珊殺得多還是聯軍殺得多,然後,轉過頭去,不再面對。於是,人們的身體消失了,肉體正在隱退,那取而代之的,只是一個個數學的單位與科技用語。 戰爭,不再是雷馬克筆下第一次世界大戰的樣子,那血的、肢體的、爆破震撼的、火的戰場,那壕溝裡數千個焦慮的暗夜,士兵失了魂般的自我責難,以及面對自我赤身裸體時的惶惶不安。不再是第二次世界大戰時,諾曼地登陸血染大海的慘烈,或是原子彈存活者受到輻射污染的身體。不再是海珊的喊話,那滿怖著血的仇恨。而是有一個乾淨、簡單、精準、確實、迅速、效率的電腦中心,在哪裡,沒有燒焦的人肉味。於是,在我們腦海裡揮之不去的戰爭印象,沒有了寸寸血肉的痛楚,沒有了無奈與倉皇的無處逃亡,沒有了永無止盡的焦慮:在這裡身體並不存在。 歷史上曾經出現過的一個極端的身體消失短暫時刻,一個史無前例的科學野蠻時刻。在德國屠殺猶太人的過程裡,身體化為一個個標誌在衣服上的符號,醫學眼中實驗對象,人種學眼中的必須被剝下衣服的歸納度量,以及集中營裡頭被科學化建制的單位。生物學、醫學、人口學、人種學的凝視,將身體轉化為一個個抽象的範疇。當那活著的人們與這些科學範疇相重合的時刻,正是現代化權力操作的最高潮,也是種族屠殺的歷史高峰。但這畢竟還發生在一個民族國家的單位裡,二次大戰結束之後,世界上各處的猶太人以他們身體的血淚,以重寫肉撉瑣╴v,來抗拒這個身體消失的暴力。而如今,一個更新的身體消失的歷史正在邁向高峰,這一次,規模與數量比起集中營更大,它不侷限在單一的民族國家,而是遍佈在全球的每一個角落。這是一場全球化的冷血行動。 身體的消失,同時伴隨著知識辯論的新的墮落。對於許多主戰者來說,反戰者除了「無辜人民的傷亡」之外,提不出其他理由。且不論到底反戰者有無其他論述,問題是,當主戰者這樣說時,同時也不認為「人的傷亡」可以是反戰的理由。還有什麼比這個更野蠻的嗎?還有什麼比這個更令人震撼?這種說法不正是身體被徹底消滅的證明嗎?對這些人來說,肉體的消失已經成了理所當然的事了,他們甚至連談也不想談了!肉體只有在成為數字單位的時候,才能被「科學的」比較,於是,他們比較聯軍的死亡與伊拉克人的死亡,比較死於戰爭與死於極權統治下的伊拉克人數,比較此次戰爭與上次戰爭死亡的人數,結論是,這場戰爭之中死亡人數會變少,於是,戰爭是符合正義的!他們忘了,當他們在科學比較的時候,他們的腦中出現的並不是一個個活著的肉體,而是如同圈養的雞鴨牛羊,看怎麼殺比較符合最大利益。 其實,身體並沒有真正的消失,那些在沙漠裡的人們還得面對著死亡的威脅。確切的說,身體在這個野蠻的時代,是以一個新的方式被重新組織起來。這個現代的身體組織方式,能夠讓人們殺人有如抹除一行電腦文書,規劃他人的生活有如圖案編輯,甚至說著殺人的事業時,還不忘拿出統計數字來說服自己。而當反戰者赤身裸體的抗拒戰爭,企圖反抗這種「取消身體的現代身體」,當人們以最單薄的肉體,面對那些高空偵查中可以在瞬間被摧毀的電腦圖像,企圖抗拒這個「去肉體化、去身體化」的現代秩序時,還要被再三嘲諷?台灣總統府高層說的什麼「那些脫光衣服的」話,不正是這個野蠻時代的穢言經典嗎?女性和平運動長久以來以受暴力威脅的赤裸身體,對抗肉體暴力的歷史傳統,正是一針見血的挑戰著現代權力對於身體操弄,這些愛舔美國又不被看上眼的政客閉嘴便罷,無知竟還能說嘴,這不能不說是台灣政客庸俗淺薄的代表作了。 其實,在世上其他地方,身體並沒有真正被西方世界重新組織。中東對於美國與西方強權的仇恨,就是一部新的身體反抗的歷史,一種新的身體的生產過程。對自殺攻擊的人來說,身體不是綁著炸彈的媒介,身體才是炸彈。或者說,是因為身體先成了武器,才有炸彈被綁在身上。他們有男有女,有老有少,他們製造出的真正震撼是將自己的身體化為武器之後,令人無法分辨人與武器差別的震撼。這不是身體的消失,而是身體以武器方式現身的歷史發明,這種身體背負著世代的血仇,企圖在自我爆炸的同時,實現一個真正的自我。對他們而言,在現世,只有流亡,只有邪惡的羞辱,生命只有在消失的那一煞那,將真正的開始。這種身體,難道會在乎其他人的生命,會在意911無辜死去的人嗎?這種可將巨大仇恨化為武器身體的宗教民族,再經過這次戰爭之後,難道不會更被激化嗎?這種武器身體難道不會支持賓拉登,支持所有反美的獨裁政權嗎? 正是因為在西方世界身體消亡的集體瘋狂中,主戰者看不到這種仇恨,這種將身體與仇恨相重合的震撼。於是,他們開始欺騙自己,令自己看不到回教徒對美國的仇恨。看不到這個仇恨的深度足以支持任何一個願意跟西方對抗的獨裁政權或恐怖組織。自我欺騙的認為:一個被美國激越了的宗教狂熱與國族主義,一個個潛在的炸彈身體,可以是孕育民主社會的土壤! 正是因為在西方世界身體消亡的集體瘋狂中,庫德族與伊拉克人民僅僅作為主戰者眼中的開戰的理由。他們什麼時候正視過身體遭受著酷刑虐待的庫德族與伊拉克人?十年來對伊拉克的經濟制裁過程中,人們不斷死於營養不良,醫療缺乏,而這些主戰者不曾如同今日一般激昂熱情的提出各種方案,不曾在聯合國辯論,不曾每天在國際政治的舞台上不停的穿梭,不曾高層熱線連絡,不曾在媒體表演,不曾面對流亡在西方世界的庫德族與伊拉克人的聲音,不曾在伊拉克派出任何的人權檢查,不曾試圖介入庫德族的戰鬥,不曾做過些微的努力以尋求新的解決方案。而今,他們竟還能無恥的裝著憤慨,站在伊拉克人與庫德族的那一邊?是什麼樣的知識能力,令贊成戰爭的人可以推論出這是場為了庫德族與伊拉克人權的必要之戰?當英國反戰者提出武器檢查合併「人權檢查」的時候,主戰者竟然嘲笑他們說,「住在另一個星球」。正是因為他們眼中除了戰爭之外,從來沒有其他的想像,除了殺人之外,沒有其他智能,人權檢查才可以曾為他們的笑柄。對一個看不到身體的人來說,人權檢查的確是另一個星球的事。人權檢查難道不是對他們所「關心」的伊拉克人與庫德族人權問題的一個可能方案嗎?這種斷然拒絕的態度,三歲小孩也看的出,他們不過是挾持著伊拉克人與庫德族來當開戰的人質而已。 戰爭已經開始了,或許快要結束了,或者,不應該稱之為打仗,而是打獵,獵人在遙遠的海灣發射的飛彈,據說可以擊中任何的目標。而西方的國際政治學者已經開始在說一些戰後世界新秩序的話語。在他們喋喋不休的口中,世界是插滿著軍艦、飛彈、武器、經濟力量的一張地圖。他們會拿出數據來告訴我們,世界新秩序是怎麼一回事。他們永遠不會聽到被抹去的身體還在發出怒吼,不會看到炸彈身體的自我實現的歷史悲劇,因為他們本身就是生產這些悲劇的龐大製造者之一。遠方傳來的空襲警報,正在嗚嗚作響,宣告著人類歷史上新形式的大規模屠殺已經到來。而這次,是以全球的規模在操作一場看不到血的戰爭,一場科技的冷血殺戮。於此同時,世界公民的身分也在浮現,這種世界公民將會以身體為最後與最初的鬥爭堡壘,會在世界時鐘的計時方式下,同時佔領學校、市政府、馬路、交通要道,會以各種鮮明的肉體彩繪,發明創造新的世界公民的指紋,會在權力所到的身體各處,進行一場永無止盡的游擊戰。 Posted by: 陳政亮 發表於 March 22, 2003 08:23 PM 是誰武裝伊拉克? 2003.03.21 中國時報 伊拉克現在究竟有沒有大規模毀滅性武器或生產設施?目前的武檢並沒有查出證據,這也是英美提案在安理會難以過關的主因。不過,哈珊政權確實有生產與使用大規模毀滅性武器的紀錄。兩伊戰爭期間伊拉克曾經屢次使用化學武器對付伊朗部隊,哈珊還在一九八八年對庫德村莊施放毒氣,殺死了包括婦孺在內的五千名庫德平民。哈珊的惡行確實應該加以制裁,而目前安理會爭議的是到底要訴諸戰爭才能防止哈珊再度肆虐,或是加強武檢才是既有效又能減少伊拉克無辜平民傷亡的辦法。 現在主張攻伊最力的美國國防部長倫斯斐,在當時擔任雷根政府的特使前往伊拉克,與哈珊政府恢復全面外交關係並傳達援助之意。美國國會九四年的調查指出,倫斯斐之行後美國公司出口數種可以製造生物武器的製劑到伊拉克,其中包括炭疽桿菌菌株在內。美國的道氏化學(Dow Chemical Co.)則出口了價值一百五十萬美元的殺蟲劑給伊拉克,而這些材料則是可以用來製造化武的。華府還批准價值十億美元的化工廠合約,該廠設備能用來製造芥子毒氣。 武裝哈珊政權,英國的貢獻不遑多讓,根據英國國會委任法官史考特進行的調查報告(Scott Inquiry)以及最近英國政府解密的資料,「衛報」指出當年佘契爾政府秘密許可英國公司出口無線通訊設備、空中偵測照相設備、直升機及噴射機引擎相關零件等可以用在軍事用途的設備給伊拉克。英國營造廠則幫伊拉克建造戰鬥機飛行員訓練設施。其中馬可洛尼控制公司(Marconi Command & Control)出口的火炮瞄準控制系統,還在政府掩護下魚目混珠以民用設備的名義出口。 日前美國國務卿鮑爾在聯合國提出的報告,指控伊拉克的「法路雅二號化工廠」(Falluja 2)涉嫌生產化武。後來經聯合國武檢官布利克斯檢查,發現該廠設備已經銷毀了。然而,這座當年能生產化武的工廠,卻是英國公司在政府許可下幫伊拉克建的。更荒謬的是,英國政府為了爭取這些生意,還出面為這些交易作擔保,後來發生波灣戰爭,伊拉克政府當然不付賬,結果由英國政府埋單。估計英國納稅人必須為武裝伊拉克付出約十億英鎊的代價。 英美現在大力批評哈珊的殘暴獨裁,以解放伊拉克人民建立民主政權作為出兵的道德理由。然而,當年哈珊以化武攻擊庫德平民時,英美都保持沉默不肯譴責,甚至還繼續支援伊拉克。回顧這段歷史,可以讓人看清楚國際強權政治的偽善和殘酷。 Posted by: 李尚仁 發表於 March 22, 2003 12:41 AM 巴黎發聲 另一個機制恐怕早就已經啟動了,美國大使館的門窗可能數個月前就加裝防震防爆裝備,文件資料一個月前就收拾妥當,大使館從前一天就已人去樓空,現在使館前排滿警車鎮暴部隊,屋頂有各種監視器,二層樓高的鐵絲網包圍在使館前五十公尺,美國大使館緊鄰法國海軍總部所以安全加成。 今晚天氣難得晴暖,人們早早到場。如果美國大使館不是位於協和廣場,香榭大道也不會在國慶日之外被管制。自從一七八九年法國大革命之後,協和廣場沒出現過如此的憤怒與悲傷。似乎是一種默契伊拉克的組織、巴勒斯坦建國組織與反戰協會站在最前頭,法國的政治團體、工運團體、社運團體與人道團體站在支援的位置。更多的是高中生、大學生,他們三五成群穿梭其間,有人製作標語分送白布條,觀光客也不願錯過這個意外的行程。你看那些穿著體面時髦提著公事包的上班族擠進人群,幾個銀髮族慢慢走進,老先生老太太靦腆的舉起布條標語,電腦割字的和平鴿與反戰的宣言,你一看就知道是他們的兒孫輩所製作的。 在這種場合,一聽到阿拉伯歌曲看到黑白格子的頭巾,我就忍不注心頭緊鼻子酸紅了眼眶,當那些支持戰爭的論述正義凜然的指向「」瓦解海珊政權是為了拯救伊拉客的人民於水深火熱。」時,你反問:「」那麼當以色列的坦克輾過巴勒斯坦的村鎮時,國際正義在哪裡?以色列擁有比伊拉克更多的毀滅性武器,其軍隊天天朝巴勒斯坦人開槍,無論醫護人員或老弱婦孺,一律視同恐怖份子。巴勒斯坦人的哀嚎,那些所謂的【道德軸心國】聽到了嗎?」 七點不到,協和廣場的人潮由西向東,越過橋直到塞納河左岸的國會殿堂前,美國大使館是空的,沒必要對執勤的鎮暴警察叫嚷。隊伍轉向,朝左岸示威遊行至蒙巴拿斯。另一個機制又啟動了,數條林蔭大道立刻封鎖管制,附近的地鐵站暫停開,放遊行隊伍呈現另一種集會形式,高中生、大學、走在前頭,腦力激盪,反戰與止戰的口號此起彼落。人潮擁擠行進不得,我只好退到人行道上繼續前進。 數萬人參加一場非事先安排的集會,活動中途由定點集會變成揭街頭遊行,而一切具高度秩序感與默契,完全沒有群眾運動常被視為是烏合之眾的混亂。我突然發覺,這場看似集體的行動卻是相當個體化的行為:每個個體依其信念與良知轉化為具體行動,且於事件發生後立即反應,迅速如本能反應。由每個「唯一」所凝聚而成的「整體」散發出可觀的力量,示威隊伍雖充滿憤怒卻無一絲暴戾之氣,雖然悲傷卻不見哀泣,聖哲曼大道上瀰漫著人間的正義之氣。 Posted by: 羅惠珍 發表於 March 21, 2003 11:56 PM 戰爭還是開始了, 仔細想想,關於伊拉克,我們知道些什麼? http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/chn/6616.html 我想,對岸的這一份伊拉克資料,我們該看一看 有一種說法是這樣的, 反不反戰,支不支持美國
Posted by: 小米 發表於 March 21, 2003 12:04 PM 聽到外交部今日的一些說法 祝願他們將來一路平安 不要再被自己半島了 底下是一年前寫的一篇文章 釗維 ================================================== 對於戰爭,我們這一代是從螢幕上認識的。一開始是電視影集與電影,從小就有 這座島嶼的戰爭記憶,因而往往籠罩在虛擬實境的架構底下,無法指涉到切身的 相對於此,產出戰爭記憶最多的美國好萊塢,對於此一主題的描寫,卻如泉湧一 在網路上搜尋島內對此一影片的評語,大多數的年輕觀眾,顯然都被影音效果深 筆者不願意遽下斷言,說這樣的看法空泛,然而,筆者卻不禁會想到,當年從奧 似乎,在這個島嶼,缺乏一種機制,去回顧、咀嚼這樣的歷程;我們多的是不斷 在號稱「21世紀第一場戰爭」開戰的時刻,擁擠在島嶼上的媒體,各種談論戰爭 Posted by: 張釗維 發表於 March 20, 2003 11:35 AM 一道撕裂的傷痕 (林深靖) 美國公佈了30個支持它攻打伊拉克的國家,一條軸線自此拉開,對美國而言, 首先,這一條軸線也就是聯合國的生死線。聯合國是二次大戰之後,各國在高 另一條分割的軸線,就在美國所公佈的30個國家之中。攤開這一份公開支持侵 1989年東歐共產陣營瓦解之後,美國右翼學者福山宣稱「歷史已終結」,資本 Posted by: 林深靖 發表於 March 20, 2003 11:21 AM 發表迴響
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