2003-05-09 01:04:04

301戰役（十）再赴戰場

作者： 翁自得 （天理國際智慧財產權事務所執行長）

再赴戰場行前各方仍有未解的僵局。


由於三月初的談判沒有結論，眼見著美國三Ｏ一報復的大刀已亮出期限，必須在四月中旬前作出令美方滿意的措施，否則隨時落砍而下。在緊促動彈不得之間，眾人心情的凝重可想而知。

三月下旬，朝野立委代表因此組成＜中美智財權因應對策小組＞，與要求協商的行政部門展開早餐會報等各種溝通接觸。＜新聞局＞也成立智財權工作小組，＜經濟部＞與＜經濟建設委員會＞等單位，也忙著展開與工商企業界領袖聚會交換意見．．．．相關單位可以動的都「動」了起來。

四月一日，執政黨（國民黨）秘書長許水德奉李登輝主席指示，進行黨政協商，惟因立法院方面仍堅持不讓步，不撤回保留條款，未有結論。之後，又傳出李登輝總統要親自出馬協商此事，並聽取兩院對智財權處理會報，但最後並未採取行動。

就在同時，美國公布的貿易障礙報告中對台灣提出六項指控，並指出智財權問題是貿易障礙的重點。再一次對台申明立即解決智財權問題的嚴重性。

當時，當局已決定，再派談判代表團赴美進行諮商，視非正式諮商結果如何再作因應措施，決定是否繼續保留八項條款。

連續的二次談判，癥結均在解不開八項保留條款的僵局，換句話說，被立法院保留的＜中美著作權保護協定＞八項條款，事實上先後成為三、四月間二次中美談判的主要癥結。

在第二次談判諮商出發前，來自各方對此問題的岐見有以下種情形：

１．行政院與立法院之間：行政部門要求立法院撤回保留條款，先讓步對美好交待，立法院則不肯輕易妥協保留條款，有立委特別強調控股、錄音著作、真品平行輸入等三項問題規定的條款是謂「國家貞操底線」，必須堅持不讓，立法院認為應由行政部門先和美方進一步諮商談判後再說。

２．中美之間：當時美國在台協會理事主席白樂綺曾指出，所謂中美間對保護智財權的岐見不是一朝一夕造成的，台灣方面認為美方限期逼迫，事實尚是雙方有「時間上認知的差距」。白樂綺解釋，那是因為美國要求台灣保護智財權已長達十多年，而我國在這十多年間均執行不力之故。

在談判團再度出發前，中美雙方亮出的談判底線各指出：
台灣方面對保留八項條款不妥協（特別是真品平行輸入等三項），否則，應爭取擴大真品可輸入的範圍。美方則態度強硬，表明既然三月間已談過一次，不願就八項保留條款重開談判之門，惟美方同意以附解釋文方式，對禁止真品平行輸入排除個人利用的項目（如教科書、產品說明書等）。

比起三月間第一次談判，這次非正式諮商團的規模小多了。成員包括團長＜國際貿易局＞副局長林義夫、＜著作權委員會＞主任委員王全祿、＜新聞局廣電處＞副鍾芳程、＜中央標準局＞副局長陳佐鎮、聯鼎律師事務所律師丁懋松及我，共六人。
　　
我們在四月四日搭機啟程。到達美國當天晚上，一團人應駐美代表處長丁懋時之邀前往該處會館。當時因與丁代表見面時「禮儀細節」等問題，再度令我對駐美代表處印象深刻。

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