2003-06-20 19:32:36

SM百貨公司罷工抗爭續記

■作者:李亮 <蜂報>菲律賓特派員 
(編按:請先參閱五月份於<蜂報>刊出「SM百貨公司工人抗爭報導」一文。)

資方再次施暴!
5月23日下午,當我在外省的社會運動組織進行參訪時,傳來了這樣的消息:在馬尼拉持續罷工抗爭的SM百貨公司工人,再度遭到資方派出的警衛毆打,共十多人被打傷,其中兩人傷勢嚴重,到我寫這段文字時,仍躺在醫院裡治療。當天遊行是要求改善勞動條件,繼續展開抵制SM百貨公司的行動,而這次地點在SM百貨公司的Annex Building。

一個組織工作者帶來當天抗爭行動的紀錄片,它清楚地記錄了警衛施暴的整個過程。參與遊行者約有五百人,從距離一公里左右的街角廣場集結出發,沿馬路走向百貨公司大門口。當遊行隊伍接近SM百貨公司門口時,資方便以重重警衛人牆封鎖整條馬路,手持棍棒,並對遊行群眾叫囂。遊行隊伍停下來高呼口號,雙方對峙了一陣,幾個警衛突然猛揮棍棒對站在前列的工人施暴,其他警衛隨即跟進,頓時,手無寸鐵的遊行工人便慘遭毒手!紀錄片還拍到幾個在一旁監視的警察,竟也趁亂拾起石塊砸向群眾!

手無寸鐵的遊行群眾只能以僅有的標語牌和雙手自衛,自然不是警衛的對手,很快地,便有一些人掛彩,隊伍隨即被驅散。十多人受了傷,其中兩人傷勢嚴重,一個工會幹部腿部與手臂骨折,一個學生頭部被警衛擊中,血流不止,緊急送往附近醫院。

為什麼要使用暴力攻擊工人呢?他們所要爭取的,只不過是一點點微薄的福利呀!「我們要的只是四十比索的加薪而已!」工人法朗西斯的話語,又在我耳邊響起。

在我看來,這微不足道加薪的和平訴求,絲毫不會觸動資方的根本利益,然而,卻遭到資方突如其來、不成比例的暴力壓迫,對工人們士氣想必是一大挫傷!資方擺出如此野蠻的陣仗,正是為了要瓦解工人的反抗意志,以讓工人屈服吧!若換做我,即便不放棄訴求,也不免要懷疑動搖了?

但是,工人們的遊行是否因此宣告失敗收場呢?不!五百人的隊伍被驅散了之後,又陸續回聚原先的集合地點,重新整隊,三十分鐘之後便再度出發。雖然,因為警衛的阻撓,隊伍只能停留在百貨大門馬路對面進行活動,但仍一直堅持到晚上十點左右,不論是SM百貨工人工會,還是前來聲援的各團體,都無一絲一毫的動搖、退縮。

我很好奇,這樣堅韌的決心,這樣不畏暴力的的勇敢,我在台灣不曾見過,究竟是怎麼辦到的呢?

教育,教育,再教育!
組織工作者對我解釋:
「不錯,工人爭取的,只是小小的加薪及改善勞動等經濟議題,卻突然遭到暴力攻擊,確實會對和平訴求的工人造成一定的打擊,會感到疑懼、害怕。」

「但是,關鍵在於,我們平常有充分的勞工教育,透過廣泛、深入的教育,讓工人們不只了解他們自己的經濟權益,更重要的是,讓他們了解到,他們受壓迫的根源是整體的社會制度,而他們的抗爭則是爭取全菲律賓的民族民主前景的一環。他們學習到,只有把自己的經濟利益和全社會的改造前景聯繫起來,工人的權益才有可能徹底實現,而在社會根本改造之前,一時的挫折總是難免的。他們有這樣的認識。」

「為了這波調薪抗爭,他們已經準備了一年半了。只有經過深入的教育,而且,不僅是一般工會權益的教育,還有菲律賓社會結構分析的教育,他們知道他們爭取的,不僅是自己的權益,還要爭全社會的改造。這樣,即便爭的是微薄小利,即便受到暴力攻擊,乃至長期失業,工人們都能持續戰鬥!」
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抗爭仍在持續,工人們每天輪流到罷工線上守衛!

(以下兩圖是六月七日早晨,筆者回到奎松市拍攝的。)
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