【蜂報】cyberbees.blog: 觀賞魚變壞魚遭棄養後危害水域生態平衡

觀賞魚變壞魚遭棄養後危害水域生態平衡

轉載：【民生報／釣遊天地／記者吳再欽／報導／2003.12.05】

釣友在野埤、水庫常釣到原本養在水族箱的觀賞魚，原本養來清除水族箱殘餘物的琵琶鼠，現在成為強勢族群，為避免民眾棄養外來魚入侵本地的水域，危害生態平衡，台南縣市的＜流浪動物中途之家＞都設有水族箱，專門收容被棄養的觀賞魚。

被釣上的外來魚中，以琵琶鼠及雜交的慈鯛科居多，來自非洲、中南美洲各式的觀賞魚也不少，有的根本叫不出魚名。釣友說，釣到慈鯛科的外來魚，大都可以食用，不會覺得煩，最討厭的是成群的琵琶鼠，樣子難看又不能吃，拔鉤時很容易被鰭棘傷到手，因此釣到琵琶鼠，大都丟在岸邊，以為會死在陸上，沒想琵琶鼠離水後耐力十足，甚至可以尖硬的胸鰭為「足」，慢慢爬回水中，因此釣到琵琶鼠，要丟在離水較遠的陸地，或一腳踩死。

台南市動物防疫所所長李朝全說，琵琶鼠在河川、池塘適應力非常強，除食用藻類及以微生物為食外，較大的琵琶鼠也會追逐其他魚類，甚至佔用吳郭魚的巢穴，危害非常大，又缺乏天敵，族群日益壯大，成為生態保育頭痛的問題。

民眾飼養的觀賞魚，不乏超大型的魚種，例如「成吉斯汗」、「象魚」、「鴨嘴」等來自熱帶地區的魚種，生長快速，養到水族箱容納不下，就棄養放於公園水塘、水庫及野埤等水域，大型魚的生存間加大，成為水中的霸王。不久前成功大學成功湖放水整修，卻發現一尾體長達一公尺的外來種鯰魚，是俗稱「鴨嘴」的觀賞魚，外形怪異，碩大的魚頭及寬廣的魚口，讓工作人員嚇了一跳，怎麼也沒有想到養在水族箱只有十幾公分的鴨嘴，養在池塘中竟成為龐然大物。

這尾鴨嘴經成大生物系教授王建平解剖製成標本，發現肚子裡什麼食物都有，包括池中的小魚，可見危害池中生態的嚴重性。

其他如曾文水庫中的魚虎，也是外來魚種危害生態最典型的例子，其生性兇殘，牙齒相當尖銳，背部有似虎斑的條紋，故被俗稱魚虎，也稱為「紅線鱧魚」，釣友曾以活餌釣到四十台斤的大物，其獵食的效率相當強，曾文水庫許多原生魚都成為獵物，使得水庫原生的草魚、曲腰魚、鯁魚等族群減少。

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2003-12-17 20:24:05

觀賞魚變壞魚 遭棄養後危害水域生態平衡

觀賞魚變壞魚遭棄養後危害水域生態平衡